Antonello da Messina (c. 1425/1430-1479) was an Italian painter from Sicily regarded as a pivotal figure who bridged Northern European and Italian painting traditions, combining Italian simplicity of form with Flemish attention to detail. Giorgio Vasari later credited him with introducing oil painting to Italy, a claim historians now consider inaccurate, but his technique still proved deeply influential in Venice, shaping the work of painters such as Giovanni Bellini. He is also credited with helping establish the modern portrait format in Italian painting, moving from the older medal-style profile pose to bust-length portraits shown in three-quarter view.
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